Mechanism of action
This is a systemic medication that is commonly used to treat psoriasis. The drug has an immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effect by directly acting on T lymphocytes, and at the same time helping to inhibit cell proliferation. Methotrexate is often used in combination with phototherapy when treating severe psoriasis.
Indications for use
The drug is intended for moderate to severe psoriasis.
Dosage
Methotrexate is used starting dose of about 2.5-5mg, every 12 hours, orally 3 times / week. In severe cases, the doctor will only increase the dose to 2.5 mg / time, every 2-4 weeks, increase 1 time until the maximum dose is 25mg / week.
Or there are also cases where the initial dose is about 10mg / time / week. And if necessary, it can be increased to 25mg / time / week. This drug comes in the form of tablets for oral administration and also in the form of infusion, injection (intramuscular or intravenous).
Long-term use of methotrexate may cause some of the following side effects:
Nausea, vomiting
Mucous ulcers
Gastritis
Tired
Headache
Reduced blood cells lead to megaloblastic anemia
Causes increase in liver enzymes, hepatitis, cirrhosis, especially toxic liver accumulation
Occurrence of lymphoma
So, when it is indicated to use Methotrexat, doctors will recommend patients to supplement with folic acid 1mg / day. To reduce the lack of side effects of the drug such as nausea, increase enzymes without affecting the effectiveness of the drug. At the same time, helps to prevent the risk of causing red blood cell anemia.
Contraindicated for use
Methotrexat is absolutely contraindicated for use by pregnant and lactating women.
Male and female patients who intend to have children must stop using the drug at least 3 months before.
When using pediatric patients, the dose should be limited to 0.2 to 0.4 mg / kg / week. At the same time, closely monitor the situation of the disease and the development and growth of the child.
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